Smart Grid Design

Abstract

Today’s electrical grid was designed in order to meet less total demand, it used to carry power from a few central generators to a large number of users or customers. It supports the operations of electricity generation, transmission, distribution, and control. But smart grid is a modernized grid that enables bidirectional flow of power and data using two-way communication and control capabilities which leads to a new functionalities and applications. Moreover, it has the ability to connect distribution generators including renewable energy to form a small-scale grid which is called microgrid. Microgrids work even with the main grid in “Grid connected mode”, or independent from it in “Island mode”. This project clarifies the concepts of smart grid and its main component microgrid by some experiments have been done practically and modeled by SIMULINK, MATLAB Ra2015, also smart meters are included with their working principals, an explanation of the used software that controls them, and small case study for smart meters to prove their abilities. The main case study of this project is Beit Sahour village, a power flow and losses analysis were studied by ETAP 16 in order to compare the results with the reality to verify the installed smart meters capabilities, and a small model of SCADA monitoring system was modeled by MATLAB with its own power flow. In the last section of this project, distribution generators have been discussed with their effects on the connected grid, and a brief study for their types.