Night eating syndrome is associated with mental health issues among Palestinian undergraduate students- Cross sectional study

Abstract

Abstract Background: University students are exposed to several factors associated with Night Eating Syndrome NES, which is distinguished by nocturnal consumption and/or evening hyperphagia. The main purpose of the current study is to examine the state of NES, and to explore its relationship with selected factors (e.g. sociodemographic factors, lifestyle habits, body mass index “BMI”, and mental health) among a sample of undergraduates. Methods: A cross-section design was done among undergraduates recruited from three universities in the southern part of Palestine. Students completed a self-administrated questionnaire including demographic information, lifestyle habits, medical profle, and the Arabic version of Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ). Mental health status was also assessed using the Arabic version of the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Cronbach alpha was used to check the reliability of the Arabic version of NEQ. Data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate approach. Results: A total of 475 participants were included in the study, 197 (47%) males, 253(54%) females. Mean age was 19.8±1.4 years, ranged from 18 to 25 years old. It is found that 141 university students (29.7%) screened positive for NES. According to univariate analysis, NES was signifcantly related to gender (p=0.023), major (p=0.005), personal monthly income (p=0.007), source of funding (p=0.005), and mental health (p<0.005). Besides, the results of binary logistic regression revealed that having mental health problems (Exp (B)=4.18; 95% CI=2.50–6.98; p=0.000), males (Exp (B)=1.99; 95% CI=1.17–3.39; p=0.014), and those who study expenses was not covered either by scholarship or parents (Exp (B)=2.75; 95% CI=1.29–5.8; p=0.08) were signifcantly associated with NES. Conclusion: It is found that NES is common among Palestinian university students. In this study, NES was signifcantly more prevalent among males, and those who were studying scientifc majors, having a personal income between 500 and 1000 new Israeli shekel per month, and having mental problems, and those whose studies were funded by neither by a scholarship nor by their parents. Keywords: Night eating syndrome, Undergraduates, Prevalence, Mental health