A view of the humanity of Islamic architecture "The City of Hebron as a Model"

Abstract

Islamic architecture in general was influenced by the local traditional architecture, and what was appropriate was taken from it and developed according to the scope of needs and within and within the Islamic Sharia, as what was in conflict with Islam was removed from it. Housing and residence are the goal of constructing the building, and there is stillness, tranquility, comfort, reassurance and privacy. Work and development have been carried out in buildings of all kinds, including residential and its annexes, to meet the requirements and needs of mankind. Work has been made to develop buildings to keep pace with changes and developments and to keep pace with Islamic civil and humanitarian standards. Any architecture must fulfills the requirements of life in all environmental, health,economic, social, functional, recreational, religious and human aspects, such as principles,values, morals, the right of the neighbor, the right of way, privacy, etc. Architecture is the mother of science. The civilized and human heritage is the basic, cultural and patriotic identity of society And what it contains of historical, heritage and cultural areas, and we see this clearly in the city of Hebron and its old town, which is an archaeological architectural masterpiece that has its importance as a cultural treasure that its people have woven over the years, embodying a unique and distinctive urban character that deserves to be preserved to this day ... The Old City of Hebron is the oldest and most beautiful of the Palestinian cities. It is an archaeological masterpiece that includes a number of historical alleys covered with distinctive domes. Some of them date back to the Crusader era in their earthly floors, and many of their buildings date back to the Ayyubid and Mameluke eras, and most of its other floors and existing buildings date back to the Ottoman era ... In this research we will talk about the distinctive Islamic elements in the city of Hebron as a model for the humanity of this architecture and its development in ancient history in all environmental, social, religious, human and spiritual aspects . The old town in Hebron has been living in a tragic reality since the setback in 1967 AD, when the occupation authorities began committing crimes against the people, relics and sanctifies, and use all kinds of Judaization, attacks and violations with the aim of evacuating the old town to Israeli settlers, displacing the population, obliterating landmarks and falsifying land and identity. Familiarizing it with its Arab and Islamic character, such as deliberately demolishing city neighborhoods, demolishing buildings and establishing outposts, apart from trying to confiscate them and confiscate large parts of them.