Abstract:
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent disease characterized by
recurrent episodes of upper airway obstruction that result in recurrent arousals and episodic
oxyhemoglobin desaturations during sleep. When the obstructive sleep apnea happens to
the patient, the air cannot flow normally into the lung and may cause to stop the breathing
for short periods of time. The block in airflow is usually caused by the collapsed of soft
tissues in the tongue and in the back on the throat (upper airflow). These pauses in airflow
can occur off and on during sleep that can causes many serious problems if not treated
probably.
Several research demonstrate that patients with obstructive sleep apnea have
complex metabolic abnormalities and manifest with a time, like high blood pressure,
periods of stopping breathing especially in the sleeping, heart disease, stroke or early death.
There are many clues and symptoms that can be noticed on the patient, and can be as an
introduction for obstructive sleep apnea like a Loud snoring , Excessive daytime sleepiness,
Observed episodes of stopped breathing during sleep, Abrupt awakenings accompanied by
gasping or choking, High blood pressure, Nighttime sweating. By monitoring some of
important physiological parameters of the patient, like a heart rate, airflow and the
movement of the patient’s chest, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome can be early detected
and treated.
The idea of this project is to design a device that has the ability to deal with
obstructive sleep apnea syndrome cases. Obstructive sleep apnea is a common problem
that effects on the breathing’s of the patient during a sleep. Two parameters (Respiratory
rate and the movement of the chest) can be measure using a device that compare it with a
reference values in the arduino, and if the reading of parameters are abnormal, the device
will active a buzzer with a red light to be signs of emergency case, and then activate an
efficient recovery system like CPAP that can deal with the case, at the same time, the
Arduino microcontroller will send the data via Bluetooth to the doctor of the patient or any
related person.
