Smart Aquaponics Monitoring System Via IoT Techniques

Abstract

Smart Aquaponic System is the combination of fish and plant production in an integrated recirculation alongside using IoT technology to build a prototype of aquaponic system to perform it functions as much as possible without external interference from the user. In natural waters ammonium is converted rather rapidly to nitrite and further to nitrate by aerobic bacteria from the genera Nitrosomonas (AOB) and Nitrobacter (NOB), through a process called nitrification. Ammonia (NH3) is the waste product of the fish and extremely toxic to fish. First nitrifying process is by Nitrosomonas bacteria. Nitrosomonas bacteria is cultured in the grow beds (gravel). This bacteria feed on both oxygen' and ammonia and with their biological activities. Reaction of Nitrosomonas bacteria excretes a chemical called nitrite (NO2). Nitrite is toxic to fish but not toxic as ammonia. Second of nitrifying process is by Nitrobacter bacteria. Nitrobacter bacteria also cultured in the grow beds (gravel). These bacteria utilize oxygen in its respiration, and act in a similar way as Nitrosomonas bacteria. Reactions of Nitrobacter bacteria have changes the nitrite into a relatively harmless chemical called nitrate (NO3). Nitrate is the primary source of plant nutrition. Plants take in the converted nitrates as nutrients. The nutrients are a fertilizer, feeding the plants. This system produces clean water to fish tanks and is ready for next cycle. And uses the internet of things techniques to monitor, adjustment and control all system parts and parameters needed to maintain a water quality and life of both fishes and plants organisms, and to gain a high-quality production from hydroponic with without any human intervention.