Experimental study of design a hybrid photovoltaic thermal collector (PVT -collector) for a domestic use

Abstract

design a hybrid photovoltaic thermal collector (PVT -collector) for a domestic use. By: Haytham Yousef “HamedAwwad” ABSTRACT One of the most important modern technologies in the field of thermal and electrical energy production for various applications such as, domestic applications, is the PVT system. New PVT system has a significant potential for preheating water and producing electricity at the same time and in different seasons. Through this system, the collector can be used to obtain two forms of solar energy (thermal and electrical), without separating them and utilizing the same area. In recent years, various research have been conducted to design different collectors to improve electrical and thermal efficiency. The focus of this research is to evaluate the electrical and thermal performance of new PVT collector design, and compare it with conventional PV panel and thermal collector. The performance evaluation is an important step to optimize the design, and to give right solution for problems that may be unclear and negatively affect the performance of the collector. The evaluation process involves monitoring and setting up several design parameters such as, electric and thermal power production for the PVT collector, conventional PV panel and thermal collector. The effect of weather conditions on the electrical and thermal efficiency is also considered in addition to difference in temperature between the inlet and outlet water in the collectors. Part of our contribution, the PVT collector which consists of a photovoltaic panel is installed on a thermal collector. The thermal panel contains parallel pipes through which the water passes. The pipes are surrounded by the paraffin wax. A set of thermal sensors have been installed in paraffin wax, behind the PV panel which was combined with thermal collector, and behind the conventional PV panel. Other sensors have been selected and placed at the input and at the outlet of water for PVT collector and conventional thermal collector. The electric sides of the photovoltaic panels were also connected to the measuring devices to measure the generated voltage and current. The experimental prototype which consists of design the PVT collector and conventional thermal collector, and conventional PV panel were oriented toward the south on the top roof of building in coordinates (31°26 N, 35°05 E), Palestine, from February till May 2019.

Using different tools for measurement such as voltmeter and ammeter, thermocouple and thermometer devices, solar radiation and wind collected by Palestine Polytechnic University (PPU) renewable lab. The Results show that the thermal efficiency of the PVT collectors and the conventional thermal collector is very close to each other. The electrical efficiency of the PVPVT and PVCO is close to each other 8%, but it starts with a relative difference when the solar radiation increases dramatically, where the photovoltaic cells being heated in PVPVT more than in PVCO. The features of the integrated PVT collector for thermal and electric energy can be obtained at the same time. Where the electrical energy that produced can be used to operate electric heaters that heat up the water in the tank as needed, especially in winter. في هذه الرسالة تم تقديم تصميم لمجمع حراري كهروضوئي، يتم من خلاله انتاج طاقة حرارية واخرى كهربائية، يمكن الاستفادة منها في تسخين الماء للتطبيقات التي تحتاج الى المياه الساخنة بشكل عام و للاستخدامات المنزلية بشكل خاص. التصميم المقترح هو عبارة عن لوح يجمع خصائص اللوح الحراري اضافة الى اللوح الكهروضوئي ، تم دمجهما معا ليصبحا لوحا واحدا يتم من خلاله تسخين الماء المار في الانابيب داخله، اضافة لتوليد الكهرباء التي يمكن استخدامها لاحقا لتشغيل مسخنات حرارية هذا التصميم قُدم ليكون حلا عمليا يتم من تعمل على رفع درجة حرارة الماء في الخزان الموصول مع اللوح الى الحد المطلوب. خلاله استغلال نفس مساحة سطح البناء المحدودة لبناء نظام بتكلفة اقل من بناء نظامين منفصلين، واحد حراري واخر كهربائي. خلال هذه الدراسة تم عمل مقارنات تحليللية بين التصميم الجديد مع لوح شمسي مستقل واخر كهروضوئي منفصل، من خلال البيانات التي تم جمعها من النظام.