Housing sustainability and affordability in Palestine have become increasingly critical in recent decades. Given the complexity and multifaceted nature of the problem, a comprehensive approach is necessary to address the ...

In this thesis, we address Arabic offline handwritten recognition for historical documents. The Automation of the handwritten recognition has many applications, such as zip coding, forms processing, indexing and ...

Building Envelope design functions as one of the most effective passive design strategies in controlling thermal performance and energy consumption in buildings. A properly designed envelope should contribute to better ...

Over the last decades, energy saving was a great challenge for engineers, especially since it enables them to achieve the principles of sustainability by reducing the use of non-renewable energy sources in attaining ...