Abstract:
The present study aims to characterize the wastewater from leather tanning industry in
Palestine in order to determine the pollution load .Wastewater samples was collected
from all leather manufacturing processes released from cow hides. From various
tanneries in Hebron district.
The experimental work for the characterization of wastewater presented by analyze ,
chemical oxygen demand (COD) , electrical conductivity (EC) , total solids (TS) ,
total dissolved solids (TDS) , total suspended solids (TSS), PH , ammonia (NH3) and
chromium in both states Cr(III) ,Cr(VI) .
The analysis results for the physiochemical characteristics shows the following. The
PH of the wastewater shows a high variation depending on manufacture process, the
wastewater generated from liming&deliming process comes with alkaline properties
have a PH value of ( 8-12 ) , whereas wastewater comes from pickling & tanning
process have an acidic properties with PH values ranged ( 2-4 ).The highest COD
value of the wastewater among the leather manufacturing process was detected in
liming&Unhairing process with an average value of ( 8000 ) .studying the TS,TSS
and TDS values it was found the washing process generate the wastewater that have
the high value. The wastewater generate from tanning process is the only effluents
that contains chromium with the amount of ( 3500 ), as a form of Cr+3, also a little
amount hazardous Cr+6 might be found. According to the mentioned results we can
say that the pollution loads in the wastewater is really high. Through tracking the
producing one ton of hide, the amount of wastewater generated was approximately
10m3
.
